HAIKU.

1. The psychologist
studies the mind, behavior
of individual.

2. It is described as
interpretation of mind,
soul and behavior.

3. It is a science
because of systematic
upon measurement.

4. The psychology
was derived from two Greek words
the psyche and logos.

5. The psychology
a scientific method
of discovery.

6. The psychology
is empirical and is dependent science.

7. A psychologist
studies the development
of human being.

8. The psychology
was based on philosophy
in the older times.

9. It is not about
mind reading, fortune telling
of human being.

10. The psychology
can be the study of mind
but not reading minds.

11. I, being myself
doesn't count on I don't trust
only my best friends.

12. I love my parents
no matter what we go through
I always have them.

13. University
that is now my second home
is enjoy with friends.

14. The crazy weather
seems to be cold but it's not
raining yet it's hot.

Sonnet

Shall I be afraid of being a psychology student?
where I need to study the behavior, mind and €spirit of a person?
well I only need to sacrifice and fill myself with enjoyment
so that every lecture will serve to me as a lesson.

The first chapter was all about behavior
it's type and what was this all about
how to determine person's behavior and misbehavior
and how different schools of psychologists figured it out.

Next is the area of psychology,
where it was enumerated and being explained
as well as other sciences together with psychology
and the indigenous method situated how it'd happened.

Every psychology student will become an expert someday
A psychologist who is a pro who'll help you one day.

Schools of Psychology

In Psychology, there are about 5 major schools that helps us students and influence our knowledge and understanding in Psychology. The Structuralism, Functionalism, Psychoanalysis, Gestalt and Behaviorism.

Structuralism was the first school of Psychology, and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Major structuralist thinkers include Wilhelm Wundt the father of Psychology and Edward Titchener. The focus of structuralism was on reducing mental processes down into their most basic elements. Structuralists used techniques such as introspection to analyze the inner processes of the human mind. It is simply the school which is focused on the structure of the human brain.

Functionalism is the school of Psychology which is focused and concerned on the functions of the human brain.Functionalism formed as a reaction to the theories of the structuralist school of thought and was heavily influenced by the work of William James. Major functionalist thinkers included John Dewey and Harvey Carr. Instead of focusing on the mental processes themselves, functionalist thinkers were instead interested in the role that these processes play. It also influenced by the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin. Functionalists sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner.

Psychoanalysis is a school of Psychology founded by Sigmund Freud. This school of thought emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior. Freud believed that the human mind was composed of three elements: the ID, the Ego and the Superego. The ID is composed of primal urges, while the ego is the component of personality charged with dealing with reality. The Superego is part of personality that holds all of the ideals and values we internalize from our parents and culture. Freud believed that the interaction of these three elements was what led to all of the complex human behaviors.

Gestalt is a school of Psychology based upon the idea that we experience things as unified wholes. This approach to Psychology began in Germany and Austria during the late 19th century in response to the molecular approach of structuralism. Instead of breaking down thoughts and behavior to their smallest elements, the gestalt psychologists believed that you must look at the whole of experience. According to the gestalt thinkers, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

Behaviorism suggests that all behavior can be explained by environmental causes rather than by internal forces. Behaviorism is focused on observable behavior. Theories of learning including classical conditioning and operant conditioning were the focus of a great deal of research.

In these different schools of Psychology, there are areas or divisions. These are:

1. Physiological Psychology
2. Comparative Psychology
3. Genetic Psychology
4. Experimental Psychology
5. Competitive Psychology
6. Developmental Psychology
7. Personality Psychology
8. Abnormal Psychology
9. Clinical Psychology
10. Counseling Psychology
11. Educational Psychology
12. Social Psychology
13. Industrial Psychology

Psychology can be expressed as a symbol of trident.

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The Brain

In Psychology, every students must know the parts and every detail of the brain. Brain anatomy recognizes three main parts of the brain:

• Cerebrum or Cerebral Cortex
• Cerebellum
• Brain Stem

Each area is responsible for different brain functions.

The Cerebrum or Cerebral Cortex - Emotion, Behavior, Balance, Coordination, Skilled Motor Activity and more. It is the largest area of the brain. The cerebrum has two hemispheres. The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body.

The Cerebellum is located behind the brain stem. While the frontal lobe controls movement, the cerebellum "fine-tunes" movement. This area of the brain controls fine motor movement, balance, and our brain's ability to determine limb position. A stroke in the cerebellum can lead to paralysis or "jerky" muscle movements.

The Brain Stem - Breathing and Autonomic Responses. The brain stem is sometimes referred to as one of the "primitive" parts of the brain. Located at the top of the spinal column, the brain stem controls breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness. Brain stem strokes can disrupt breathing, causing sudden death.

FOUR DISTINCT LOBES that make up the CEREBRUM:

• Frontal Lobe
• Pariental Lobe
• Occipital Lobe
• Temporal Lobe

Each of these parts of the brain has different functions. Some of these functions may overlap" for instance, the frontal and temporal lobes are both important for language and speech.

                

Frontal Lobe - is responsible for speech, emotion, behavior, movement, and planning. A stroke in the frontal lobe may leave a person unable to talk, or may affect behavior. For example, an affected person may experience emotional ability in the form of sudden mood swings and uncontrolled crying.

Temporal Lobe - It controls memory, personality, and language. The temporal lobe also allows us to distinguish smells and sounds.

Pariental Lobe - allows us to process pain, pressure, and other physical sensation. It is also the area of the brain that allows us to identify object.

Occipital Lobe - processes visual stimuli and allows the brain to process light and objects.

                                           

                  

                        .

Factors of HD (Human Development)

Human Development in Psychology, is concerned with the progressive behavioral changes of an individual from birth until death. It is the study of changes that occur in human beings over the course of their life span. Factors of Human Development can may be cause of Heredity or Environment. In Human Reproduction, the XX is for the female and the XY is for the male. Their offspring can be a single offspring or twins. Twin offspring can be identical, fraternal or siamese. Around one in three sets of twins is identical. This occurs because the fertilized egg divides in two while it is still a tiny collection of cells. The self-contained halves develop into two babies with exactly the same genetic formation. Identical twins share nearly 100% of their genes meaning that most differences such as the height, intelligence, susceptibility to boredom, depression etc. is due to experiences that one twin has but not the other twin.  Identical twins can be also called, monozygotic (MZ) twins. Fraternal twins or dizygotic twins (DZ) share about 50% of their genes. Around two in three sets of twins are fraternal. Two separate eggs are fertilized by two separate sperm, resulting in fraternal or dizygotic twins. These offspring will be no more alike than siblings born at separate times. They can be either same or different sexes, with the odds roughly equal for each. Siamese or conjoined twins identical twins joined in utero. Two contradicting theories exist to explain the origins of conjoined twins. One is the theory of fission, in which the fertilized egg splits partially. Second is the fusion, in which a fertilized egg completely separates but stem cells find like-stem cells on the other twin and fuse the twins together. Siamese twins share a single common chorion, placenta, and amniotic sac, although these characteristics are not exclusive to conjoined twins as there are some identical twins but non-conjoined twins that also share these structures in utero.

Back to Human Development, it can be that the growth of an individual is affected by its Heredity or DNA or by the Environment? When you were born, it is already given what your gender really is or you are free to choose what you want to be? The following are the Genetic Defects in Human Development:

• Turner Syndrome also known as Gonadal Dysgenesis encompasses several conditions in human females, of which monosomy X, absence of an entire sex chromosome is most common. It is a chromosomal abnormality in which all or part of the sex chromosome is absent or has other abnormalities. There are characteristic physical abnormalities, such as short stature, swelling, broad chest, low hairline, low-set ears and webbed necks. Females with tis syndrome typically experience non-working of ovaries which results in amenorrhea or absence of menstrual cycle.
• Klinefelters also a XXX, XXY syndrome is a genetic disorder in which there is atleast one extra X chromosome to a standard human male karyotype for a total of 47 chromosomes rather than the 46 found in genetically normal humans.
• Down Syndrome also known as trisomy 21 is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is the most common chromosome abnormality in humans. Typically associated with a delay in cognitive ability like mental retardation and physical growth. 

Being a human being, we experience different stages as we get older, the first stage is the ovum or egg cell. Second is the embryo, fetus, birth, infancy, babyhood, childhood, puberty, adolescence, adulthood, middle-age, old age and the last in the stage is the death. 

There are 3 ways to achieve immortality in life: the first one is plant a tree, next is write a book and the last one is bear a child. 

Types of Behavior

In studying Psychology, there are 8 types of behavior that a Psych student must know, these are: Overt Behavior, Covert, Conscious, Unconscious, Rational Behavior, Irrational, Voluntary Behavior and its opposite: Involuntary Behavior.

Overt Behavior: This behavior is such an obvious act or behavior. It is a behavior that is observable by people. Based on my research, the perfect example of person that has its is a racist. Racists have no trouble of expressing their feelings, views and thoughts. What they have in mind, they speak openly. Overt Behavior may include walking, singing and other examples of bodily actions.

Covert Behavior: Opposite of overt behavior, covert behavior is a type of behavior that is an unobvious manner and a type of behavior that is being disguised and secret. It is any kind of action that can't be easily observed by other people. This behavior includes lying, praying, thinking and dreaming as an example of covert behavior.

Conscious Behavior: Is a type of behavior is conscious or aware. It is an action you do from what you really wanted to do. Example of this is making breakfast. You make and eat breakfast because you are hungry. It is like you know what you're doing or action with purposive conduct.

Unconscious Behavior: A type of behavior where the person is unaware of what he's doing. It is because of the automatic response of the body such as breathing and the beating of our hearts. Unconscious behavior is doing anything without thinking of any motivation because it is automatically done. Screaming because of cockroaches, spiders of females are like examples of unconscious behavior.

Rational Behavior: A type of behavior that is reasonable and used to explain the choices that people make with regards to achieving satisfaction. It is like, people would rather be better off or have more than less. For example, a person is more likely to buy an item at a lower price like items on sale because they believe it is better.

Irrational Behavior: It is defined as unreasonable behavior or having no clear objective or meaning. Example of this based of what I've red is, you want to have a good day yet you punch the mailman in the face. It is senseless and meaningless.

Voluntary Behavior: Behavior that a person is naturally contributed to an action. It also means that you have a free will and able to make a decision to take a specific action. Taking a walk down the street is an example of voluntary behavior.

Involuntary Behavior: Behavior that can't be controlled over. Example of this is when being emerged into bright sunlight from a dark place, we usually blink several times often without even knowing it.

I observed while doing this, these types of behavior is likely connected or similar from each other. So I think, it is more easier for us Psych students to study and we're enjoying it so much.